The following was co-authored by Armstrong McGuire Co-Founder & Principal Bert Armstrong and Dr. Patton McDowell, Founder of PMA Nonprofit Leadership.

Nonprofit leadership transitions can be a moment of crisis - or opportunity. When an executive director (ED) or CEO departs, organizations often rush to fill the vacancy, but this urgency can lead to costly missteps. Instead of scrambling, many nonprofits wisely bring in an interim executive—a leader who stabilizes the organization, assesses critical needs, and prepares the way for a permanent successor.

But how can nonprofits fully leverage an interim executive to ensure long-term success? At the Interim Management Institute (IMI), we equip leaders with the skills and strategies needed to navigate nonprofit transitions effectively. Drawing from four essential texts that shape the IMI curriculum, here are four strategies to maximize your interim leader’s impact.

1. Diagnose Your Nonprofit’s Lifecycle Stage (Inspired by Nonprofit Lifecycles by Susan Kenny Stevens)

Every nonprofit moves through predictable phases: start-up, growth, maturity, and decline. Understanding where your organization stands in this cycle is crucial.

• If your nonprofit is in growth mode, an interim executive can focus on building operational capacity to handle increased demand.
• If the organization is struggling or stagnant, the interim leader can help redefine priorities and realign resources.
• If the nonprofit is transitioning out of a founder-led era, an interim leader can smooth cultural shifts before a new CEO steps in.

Action Step: Work with your interim leader to assess your nonprofit’s lifecycle stage and set realistic priorities based on current needs.

2. Treat the Interim as a Trusted Advisor (Inspired by Flawless Consulting by Peter Block)

Interim leaders are not just placeholders—they bring fresh perspectives and expert insight. Treating them as trusted advisors rather than just temporary caretakers unlocks their full potential.

• Encourage them to diagnose internal challenges, from team dynamics to financial health.
• Empower them to facilitate critical conversations between board, staff, and funders.
• Recognize that they bring an outsider’s perspective, which is often what’s needed to break through long-standing organizational challenges.

Action Step: Give your interim leader the space and authority to ask tough questions and challenge the status quo.

3. Align Financial Sustainability with Mission Impact (Inspired by The Sustainability Mindset by Steve Zimmerman & Jeanne Bell)

One of the biggest challenges during leadership transitions is financial uncertainty. An interim executive can help nonprofits rethink financial sustainability while keeping mission alignment front and center.

• Not all programs are equally effective—some drain resources without delivering impact.
• Interim leaders can help assess financial health, ensuring that revenue streams match mission priorities.
• They can also guide board members and staff in making informed decisions about funding strategies and long-term sustainability.

Action Step: Use your interim leader’s expertise to conduct a mission-versus-margin analysis to ensure every program is financially and strategically viable.

4. Plan for Long-Term Leadership Stability (Inspired by The Nonprofit Leadership Transition and Development Guide by Tom Adams)

One of the biggest mistakes nonprofits make is focusing only on filling the vacancy instead of preparing for the next leader’s success. Interim executives play a crucial role in setting the stage for a smooth transition.

• They stabilize operations, ensuring the new leader isn’t walking into chaos.
• They assess and strengthen internal leadership, so the incoming ED isn’t starting from scratch.
• They help the board clarify the leadership profile, ensuring the hiring process aligns with strategic priorities.

Action Step: Work with your interim leader to develop a leadership transition plan that goes beyond hiring—focus on onboarding, team development, and strategic priorities for the first 90 days of the new ED’s tenure.

Final Thought: Leverage Your Interim, Don’t Just Fill a Gap

Interim executives are not just stopgaps—they are catalysts for strategic alignment, financial sustainability, and leadership readiness. By fully leveraging their expertise, nonprofits can emerge from leadership transitions stronger and more resilient.

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Armstrong McGuire is proud to partner with PMA Nonprofit Leadership to deliver the Interim Management Institute (IMI) - a certification program that attracts leaders from around the country who want to pursue a professional career in interim nonprofit executive management. (Read more about the origins of the IMI.)

The Institute is a cohort of live, virtual learning experiences comprised of 6 sessions designed to prepare you for the challenges and opportunities facing interim leaders. Each session is 2 hours and the sessions are spaced over 3 months with reading, reflection, and writing homework between sessions. To learn more about the Institute, register for our free information session on March 7 at noon.